Circular arrangement is one of the interesting topics of Permutations. Before understanding circular arrangement let us review some important concepts of linear permutation. In linear arrangement n ...

Chromosome engineering is a major focus in the fields of systems biology, genetics, synthetic biology, and the functional analysis of genomes. Here, we describe the "telomerator," a new synthetic ...

Imagining that protein stability needs to be kept within some limits for biological function is easy. However, is there any corresponding pressure on protein folding and, hence, the dynamic ...

Figure 1: The permutation-by-duplication model is presumed to account for the evolution of various classes of DNA methyltransferases. Figure 2: Reproducing the first two steps of the ...

The arrangement of a number of things taking some or all of them at a time is called permutation. If there are ‘n’ number of things and we have to select ‘r’ things at a time then the total number of ...