Classical probability theory assumes an equal likelihood for all outcomes. For example, if you were to flip a coin, there's an equal change of it landing on "heads" or "tails." Microsoft Excel offers ...

For all the deference to “laws” of nature that supposedly govern everything that happens, the truth is that randomness rules the world. Everywhere you look, randomness is at work, in all the processes ...

My post the other day about how classical rules emerge from quantum ones was spinning off from an NPR post by Adam Becker on quantum reality. The idea of the post is also based on something I'd been ...

Human behaviour is an enigma that fascinates many scientists. And there has been much discussion over the role of probability in explaining how our minds work. Probability is a mathematical framework ...

Dorje C Brody receives funding from Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EP/X019926/1) and the John Templeton Foundation (62210). The opinions expressed in this publication are those of ...

In 2019, Google announced that they had achieved ‘quantum supremacy’ by showing they could run a particular task much faster on their quantum device than on any classical computer. Research teams ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract A gas relaxing into equilibrium is often taken to be a process in which a system moves from an “improbable” to a “probable” state. Given that ...