In the race of evolution, innovating is certainly necessary, but recycling existing genes is sometimes more efficient. Indeed, organisms that are very distant from each other can exchange a ...

Much of the phenotypic variation that is observed within and between species is the result of differences in gene regulation: specifically when, where and how much the genes are expressed. Given the ...

The conservation of genome regulatory elements over long periods of evolution is not limited to vertebrates, as previously ...

The Indigenous peoples of the Bolivian highlands are survivors. For thousands of years they have lived at altitudes of more than two miles, where oxygen is about 35 percent lower than at sea level.