I learned in October 2022’s Breakthrough that the spikes of stars in high-power photos are called diffraction spikes. Why do they appear as two crosses at 45 degrees to each other? The diffraction ...

Electron diffraction is a powerful analytical technique used to study the atomic structure of materials. It involves the interaction of a beam of electrons with a crystalline sample, resulting in a ...

Ptychography is an area-by-area scanning method that uses constant, coherent illumination to scan a region of a sample in several adjacent and overlapping locations. The dispersed radiation is ...

2D-XRD, or two-dimensional X-ray diffraction, is a powerful analytical technique used to study the atomic and molecular structure of crystalline materials at the nanoscale. It provides detailed ...

Particle size analysis is crucial to quality control and product development in a number of key industries including aerosols, construction, food and beverage, paint and coatings, and pharmaceuticals.

Cell-cell adhesion-induced patterning in keratinocytes can be explained by just starvation and strong adhesion, Hokkaido University researchers find. Fingerprints are one of the best-recognised ...