Since the inception of electronic communications, frequency response has been the common measurement unit for most instruments. Even after the introduction of the feedback amplifier, frequency ...

In 1938 Hendrik Wade Bode, who worked at Bell Labs, published his asymptotic assessment of phase margin and gain margin, bearing his name [2]. The Bode plot is recognized for its simplicity and the ...

Closed-loop control systems are sometimes shipped from the factory with resonances and other operational difficulties that aren't supposed to be part of the package and are not well understood.

(Editor's Note: There are links to the previous parts of this series at the end, below the author's biography.) AC parameters which describe the amplifier's performance over frequency can appear very ...

Oscilloscopes are the primary measurement tools used today by engineers to test and characterize their power supply designs. The R&S®RTx-K36 frequency response analysis (Bode plot) option provides a ...

What do engineers see when they look at a real system or conceive a new design? They will look past the hardware and visualize the flow of energy, where it is stored, and where it is dissipated. They ...