Beta is the 2nd letter in the Greek alphabet, and the financial world uses it to refer to the sensitivity of an asset’s price compared to a specific index or benchmark. Beta is also used as a measure ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Procedures for calculating the additive genetic variance-covariance matrix and its inverse are adapted to accommodate the occurrence of mutations in the genome. The inverse matrix can be used in mixed ...

Steven Nickolas is a writer and has 10+ years of experience working as a consultant to retail and institutional investors. Portfolio variance is a measure of the dispersion of returns of a portfolio.

Download PDF More Formats on IMF eLibrary Order a Print Copy Create Citation This paper proposes a novel shrinkage estimator for high-dimensional covariance matrices by extending the Oracle ...