The main purpose of message authentication is to prevent manipulation of the message which is sent. MAC stands for Message Authentication Code which is also known as “Integrity check value” or ...
IPsec incorporates several cryptographic operations to ensure message authenticity, data integrity, and sender nonrepudiation. In this section we will describe the mechanics of these cryptographic ...
Chaotic hash functions represent a cutting‐edge convergence between nonlinear dynamics and cryptographic science. These functions employ chaotic maps—mathematical systems that exhibit extreme ...