Production test of a finished electronic product often involves two techniques: in-circuit test (ICT) and functional component test (FCT). The ICT technique examines a non-powered circuit board to ...

Test engineers have a variety of options for testing printed-circuit boards—ranging from in-circuit testers to the latest in embedded-instrument technology. Despite the decline of PCB physical access ...

For testing PCBs, test engineers have a variety of options ranging from venerable in-circuit testers and flying probers to functional testers and the latest in embedded-instrument technology.

Various techniques—ranging from x-ray and optical inspection through functional electrical test—have emerged to shorten time to market and reduce test costs while maintaining thorough fault coverage.

September 2019: Test Research Inc. developed a new PCB assembly testing and inspection solution that combines functional tester (FCT), 3D CT automated x-ray inspection (AXI), 3D solder paste ...