Building simple circuits with copper tape, LED bulbs, resistors, and watch batteries is not as simple as you might think. Notre Dame Elementary School STEM students are putting the engineering design ...

Simple Sound Processor presented here is an ultra-simple circuit module suitable for almost all basic electronics and microcontroller projects. For example, this module can be used as a front-end in ...

I will be talking about single-series (1sXp) cell configurations, for a simple reason – multiple-series configurations are not something I consider myself as having worked extensively with. The single ...

Have you ever needed to power a 12-volt relay in a circuit but only had 6 or 9 volts available? This simple circuit will solve that problem. It allows 12-volt relays to be operated from 6 or 9 volts, ...

Most circuits that require current loss detection use expensive isolation amplifiers. This circuit solves that problem with a simple and low-cost method to detect current loss of 4-20 mA. To view the ...

Lighting a string of LEDs at a constant brightness requires driving it with a regulated current. A boost converter is commonly used to step up the voltage to a level high enough to bias the LEDs on ...

The first thing I ever built without a kit was a 5 V regulated power supply using the old LM309K. That’s a classic linear regulator like a 7805. While they are simple, they waste a lot of energy as ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. In some situations, it becomes necessary to drive a MOSFET (or IGBT) with a voltage that’s lower than its ...