In previous issues, we have discussed troubleshooting input modules. In the examples, the output modules checked out OK. But what if they don't? As with input modules, output modules can be digital or ...

As an industrial electrician, you'll encounter many complex electrical circuits and drives that will break down as they age. Chances are, you won't be an expert in repairing these devices, but you can ...

In the broad-brush view of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) versus its complement, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), there’s no doubt that the DAC has an easier functional challenge. What’s ...