Abstract: Nowadays, Java has been extensively used in industries as a reliable and portable object-oriented programming (OOP) language. To support novice students in learning Java programming, we have ...

For decades, learning to program has been rooted in the process conception of knowledge. Students learned by doing: by writing code, compiling, fixing syntax errors, and gradually developing fluency ...

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There are three pillars of object-orientation that ensure the development of modular, maintainable, and extensible systems. These pillars include inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. The ...